It is telling that the former above groups are generally not invited to immigrate to the Jewish state.

What are you talking about? More than half of the population of Israel is Sephardic. There was a massive influx of those folks in the years after the 1948 war, as the other Arab states in the region purged their Jewish populations (some of which had been living their since the Babylonian exile, not just the Roman one). Since then, those Jews have been more than welcome to emigrate to Israel.

Problems did not start between Palestinians and Jews until proto-Israeli Zionists started showing up there in the late 1800's.

Which they had every right to do. Those folks were legally immigrating to the region, with the support and endorsement of Abdul Hamid II. It's not surprising that some people who live in an area get very upset when people who are different than them are allowed to start emigrating there - just look at our experience with that here in the U.S. - but that doesn't make it wrong.

Regardless the beliefs or motivations of the settlers, it is a settler colonial project with the usual disregard and disdain for native inhabitants.

Except, of course, that the "settlers" are themselves indigenous to the area. Which makes this more of a "one land, two peoples" situation, regardless of the beliefs or motivations of the group that wants to claim that the other isn't indigenous.

This would be a much easier situation if it was a typical settler colonial project. If the Jews weren't indigenous to the region, if the increase of emigration of Jews to the area in the 1890s had been at the behest of a European colonial power rather than under Muslim rule. But we are indigenous, Zionism started with ordinary - and explicitly welcomed - immigration back in the 1800's, and partition (two state solution) would have been the just and appropriate response to that situation. As was originally proposed here, and as was successfully (though inarguably traumatically) implemented in India. The world would be a much better place if the original Partition plan had been allowed to go into effect, but sadly that was not to be....