Are you talking about legally, or illegally?

Depends which era you are talking about. Pre-Felon, definitely illegally. During this administration, they have done away with due process. If you have your "papers", they might just let you go on your way. Without them, and no due process, you have no recourse at all.

Also...as an aside...a citizen doesn't have to demonstrate they are a citizen, but how would a Goon know if you're a citizen unless you can prove it? You can't tell just by looking (or listening) to someone. America is all different colors, and all different accents. 1poorlady is a citizen, but she's not white, and her accent isn't mid-west American. So that law seems kind of meaningless. Once you prove you're a citizen, then you don't have to prove it?? That's nonsensical.

You are correct that the Goons can just ship you off, passport or not. Worse, they could confiscate the passport, and then you would have great difficulty getting back to your country of citizenship (USA). Because you have no passport. And how would after-the-fact remedies help you in that situation?

This sort of thing is my primary complaint about the Felon. Forget his policies (that I disagree with vehemently). He and his lackeys have no regard for the rule of law. A government that has no regard for rule of law can do anything, and you're powerless to prevent it. They violate it at will, and dare you to challenge them in court (which takes months, or longer). And then sometimes they ignore the court anyway. You compared the Felon to FDR, but there really is no comparison. FDR didn't violate the law (except for EO 9066, which was upheld -wrongly- at the time). He packed the SCOTUS, but that wasn't illegal. Arguably bullying/ram-rodding his policies into effect, but not illegal. This administration doesn't care about law, it doesn't care about legal authority, it doesn't care about the Constitution. THAT'S what most concerns me. We can survive four years of bad policy. We can't survive the systematic dismantling of a Constitutional Republic.