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Stocks A to Z / Stocks B / Berkshire Hathaway (BRK.A)
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Author: PickTrader   😊 😞
Number: of 12641 
Subject: Price to Trend Book Value
Date: 08/06/2024 1:27 AM
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In early 2023, I posted about using an alternative to Book Value for calculating P/BV of Berkshire.
https://www.shrewdm.com/MB?pid=192596782&wholeThre... (original post)
https://www.shrewdm.com/MB?pid=462231598&wholeThre... (updated info)

The idea is to smooth the noise out of Book Value by creating a (log) trend line for inflation adjusted Book Value, and using the current value on the trend line, rather than the latest BV. I occasionally update the calculation and thought I'd share it in case anyone is interested.

For end of Q2 2024, Book value is $418800 ($279.20 per B). Trend book value is $411520 ($274.35). So, currently the two values are fairly close to each other.

Monday's close of $413.72 places it at 1.48 time BV, and 1.51 times Trend BV. Not particularly inexpensive by either measure.

I know Warren is mindful about moving the market minimally while doing his daily purchases, but the sum total of all purchases with so much more to come has to be very supportive of the price. It seems like his share purchases might have created a structural change in the market and I wonder what the range of future P/BVs will be. I'm thinking we'll see P/BV breaking below 1.3 far less often going forward than we've seen in the past.
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Author: Engr27   😊 😞
Number: of 12641 
Subject: Re: Price to Trend Book Value
Date: 08/06/2024 6:17 AM
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Am I interpreting your earlier posts correctly?

Jan 2023 you projected Q2 trend book to be 360018

Mar 2023 you projected Q2 trend book to be 380941

Actual Q2 book = 418800, Trend = 411520

Maybe your trend needs a quadratic term? :-)
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Author: shaun1776   😊 😞
Number: of 12641 
Subject: Re: Price to Trend Book Value
Date: 08/06/2024 9:22 AM
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BRK’s price moves much more with the overall market than unpredictable buybacks. I’m sure some look at the huge cash pile and think “buybacks” but there’s no evidence to support that.

We can compare to other companies that have done buybacks where buybacks don’t overpower business results.

The two biggest factors in the stock price are overall market trends and business results.

Shaun
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Author: PickTrader   😊 😞
Number: of 12641 
Subject: Re: Price to Trend Book Value
Date: 08/06/2024 9:58 PM
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Am I interpreting your earlier posts correctly?

Yes. Inflation-adjusted book value has increased at a bit over 14% in the last year and a half, substantially outperforming its long-term average for that short time period. But if you look at the long term price chart (2000-current) of the log of inflation-adjusted BV, you can see it's noisy, but very close to linear for the last 24 years. You can also see the outperformance of the last 7 dots on the chart (the 1.5 years in question) as it goes from being valued below the trend line to today when it is just a bit above the trend line.

https://ibb.co/2s2bYTb




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Author: mungofitch 🐝🐝🐝🐝🐝 BRONZE
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Number: of 12641 
Subject: Re: Price to Trend Book Value
Date: 08/07/2024 11:20 AM
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It is quite the amazing trend line, and I have done similar ones myself. There is no observable slow down in observable value generation since the Gen Re acquisition in 1998.

But I think it's important to remember that the long term trend line really ought not to be extrapolated. It has happened, and it's remarkable, but there is no particular reason to think it should or will continue at the same pace. There are some quite good reasons to expect it to slow down, for that matter, as well as reasons to think that at some point (though not yet) real book per share will cease to be a "good enough" yardstick of fair value.

A small geeky note as well: the trend line as drawn could not have been known in advance. This is the fatal flaw (among many) of the BMW charting method. Rather, each point should be the current point on the trend line for all the data to date, so there is no crystal ball effect. This gives a very different, much curvier line, with overshoots and undershoots. It's a fairly small problem with Berkshire's real book per share, but something to be aware of. This emphasizes the point that the trend line known up to any given date (such as today) should not really be extrapolated. When you see the variation in the "trend line to date" levels in the past, it makes the concern clearer.

To deal with both those issues, personally I prefer to simply smooth the recent data. If the growth rate slows, the smoothing line slows, with a modest lag.
e.g., the blue line in this graph.
http://www.stonewellfunds.com/SmoothedRealValue.pn...
Each point on the blue line is calculated solely from data available prior to that date, and does not use any data more than four years old (using a 16 quarter WMA). The amount of smoothing can be varied to taste--I choose just enough stiffness to be consistent with my theory that true value per share does not actually drop during bear markets (drops in book per share), while staying as close as possible to the recent observed data points.
(note, on that particular graph the yellow spots are not real book, but the higher of [real book] and [96% of peak-to-date real book]---dips have been capped)

But back to the first comment: it really is a remarkable history of steady growth in value. The trend line fit is amazingly good!

Jim
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Author: rrr12345   😊 😞
Number: of 12641 
Subject: Re: Price to Trend Book Value
Date: 08/07/2024 3:20 PM
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"It is quite the amazing trend line, and I have done similar ones myself. There is no observable slow down in observable value generation since the Gen Re acquisition in 1998."

BV growth over time is indeed amazing, in both its rate and its consistency. If you haven't already done so, try plotting BV/share back to fiscal year-end 1964. You'll see two, distinct knees in the semi-log plot, one in late 1980 and one in late 1999, with straight line (semi-log) growth in between. The rates of growth in the three resulting periods are: 18.6%/year from Oct 1964 to Dec 1980, 28.8%/yr from Dec 1980 to Dec 1999 and 10.5%/yr from Dec 1999 to Jun 2024.

Price/share tracks BV/share. The log-log plot of Price/share versus BV/share is a straight line with an extremely good fit, with no discontinuities at the points where the semi-log plot of BV versus time has knees.

In summary, BV growth is quite consistent from 1964 to 1980, from 1980 to 1999 and from 1999 to 2024, but with different growth rates (semi-log slopes) in the three different periods. Price tracks BV across all three periods of BV growth from 1964 to 2024, in a single (no knees), straight line with extremely good fit.

PS. I have argued that the trendline of the log-log plot of Price versus BV provides a good estimate of IV at any point along the curve, as long as the time period covered is long (>30 years). "In the long run the market is a weighing machine."
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