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Author: WendyBG HONORARY
SHREWD
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Number: of 3853 
Subject: Record debt threatens growth
Date: 01/27/26 8:40 AM
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https://www.nytimes.com/2026/01/27/business/econom...


Record Debt in the World’s Richest Nations Threatens Global Growth

The cost of borrowing is already choking crucial public spending in many developing economies. Now it’s raising broader alarms.

By Patricia Cohen, The New York Times, Jan. 27, 2026

For decades crushing debt has spread misery in the world’s poor and lower-income nations. But the menace of unsupportable borrowing that now hangs over the global economy emanates from some of the richest countries.

Record or near-record debt in the United States, Britain, France, Italy and Japan threaten to hamstring growth and sow financial instability around the globe.

At home, it means countries must make interest payments with money that otherwise could have paid for health care, roads, public housing, technological advances or education....

In six of the wealthy Group of 7 nations, the national debt equals or exceeds the country’s annual economic output, according to the International Monetary Fund....

The combination of low interest rates and elevated inflation particularly hurts working- and middle-income families, who see the value of their savings erode. [And conservative savers, including retirees, with low-interest paying bank accounts. -- W]...
[end quote]

This article is about national debt crowding out national priorities, such as improving infrastructure. The CBO predicts massive increases in debt in the future.

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GFDEGDQ188S

https://www.cbo.gov/publication/60870

Even if the Federal Reserve cuts the fed funds rate the long-term bond yields will rise as the supply of bonds rises but demand stays the same or falls.

The yield curve is steepening.
https://stockcharts.com/freecharts/yieldcurve.php

If the Federal Reserve does QE without an emergency inflation will rise. (Fed monetary stimulus was a big driver of the post-Covid inflation along with massive fiscal stimulus.)

The article doesn't mention the dramatic growth in margin debt which is driving the bubble in stock prices. Margin debt is now over $1.2 Trillion, roughly 4% of U.S. GDP ($30 Trillion) borrowed for pure gambling and speculation.

https://www.finra.org/rules-guidance/key-topics/ma...

Let's think for a moment about the difference between paying cash and debt.

When you pay cash you own what you buy and the seller owns the value of whatever they sold you. End of story.

When a country or individual borrows, the borrower has to pay interest. If the borrower defaults the value simply disappears into thin air. The lender is stiffed. (Refer to the lenders who financed the 1999 expansion of internet infrastructure.) Also, the seller of the goods/ services is stiffed. The damage spreads from the deadbeat to the financer and the supplier.

Countries that go into debt with unsupportable promises that burden the future. Securities traders that risk the value of their investments simply evaporating as margin-financed speculators are forced to sell their good investments to meet margin calls. Or maybe this time will be different.

https://www.multpl.com/shiller-pe

Wendy
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Author: tjscott0   😊 😞
Number: of 3853 
Subject: Re: Record debt threatens growth
Date: 01/27/26 9:54 AM
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From the NYTIMES article.
Record or near-record debt in the United States, Britain, France, Italy and Japan threatens to hamstring growth and sow financial instability around the globe.

https://www.reuters.com/business/finance/germany-h...
Germany headed for biggest deficit since reunification, Bundesbank says

What I believe what is key [from NYtimes article]:
More and more countries are being squeezed by demographics and slow growth. In Europe, Britain and Japan, aging populations have driven up the government’s health care and pension costs at the same time that the number of workers who provide the necessary tax revenue has shrunk.

EU countries have generous retirement and healthcare systems and declining number of taxpayers[as does the USA].
France is an extreme case:
https://fortune.com/2025/09/16/france-retirees-hig...
65-year-old retirees in France now have higher incomes than working-age adults
Due to France’s relatively young retirement age, lofty governmental spending on pensions, and high wage replacement rate, they’re now out-earning citizens with jobs as the country’s officials try and make unpopular changes.
https://www.politico.eu/article/french-parliament-...
French parliament votes to suspend Macron’s controversial pensions reform
In hitting the pause button, the legislature eased domestic political tensions but invited criticism it isn’t taking the country’s debt and spending problems seriously.


I suppose governments no longer have the option of kicking the can down the road for future representatives to deal with the problem. Though it seems France's representative refuse to recognize that time has arrived.
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Author: Timer321   😊 😞
Number: of 3853 
Subject: Re: Record debt threatens growth
Date: 01/27/26 10:06 AM
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Google Query AI

Yes, China has significant debt, with total non-financial debt exceeding 300% of its GDP, driven by massive borrowing for infrastructure and growth, especially through local government financing vehicles (LGFVs) and state-owned enterprises, leading to concerns about hidden local government debt and rising corporate leverage. While the central government's debt-to-GDP ratio (around 88% in 2024) is lower, the combined debt of local governments, corporations, and state banks creates a substantial financial burden, with projections showing continued growth.
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Author: hk2   😊 😞
Number: of 3853 
Subject: Re: Record debt threatens growth
Date: 01/27/26 10:55 AM
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Margin debt is now over $1.2 Trillion, roughly 4% of U.S. GDP ($30 Trillion)

Do you know of a chart showing this ratio over time? Perhaps over the past 30 years?
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Author: lizgdal 🐝  😊 😞
Number: of 3853 
Subject: Re: Record debt threatens growth
Date: 01/27/26 12:06 PM
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https://www.finra.org/rules-guidance/key-topics/ma...

https://ycharts.com/indicators/finra_margin_debt

https://en.macromicro.me/charts/415/us-margin-debt


Margin debt is at a record high. Here's what that means for the stock market, Oct 24, 2025
"margin debt is an excellent coincident indicator of the stock market. But that doesn't help us navigate the market. Only a good leading indicator does that. And that's where the margin indicator falls flat.

Consider the correlation between margin debt's trailing 12-month percentage change and the S&P 500's total return over the subsequent 12 months. Now the r-squared is an insignificant 2.6%. In other words, margin debt's trailing 12-month return explains or predicts just 2.6% of the stock market's subsequent 12-month return.

Margin debt's acceleration. One footnote to this discussion: There is limited evidence that a market top may be forming whenever margin debt grows significantly faster than the S&P 500."
https://www.morningstar.com/news/marketwatch/20251...
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Author: tjscott0   😊 😞
Number: of 3853 
Subject: Re: Record debt threatens growth
Date: 01/27/26 12:09 PM
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"Yes, China has significant debt, with total non-financial debt exceeding 300% of its GDP, driven by massive borrowing for infrastructure and growth, especially through local government financing vehicles (LGFVs) and state-owned enterprises, leading to concerns about hidden local government debt and rising corporate leverage. While the central government's debt-to-GDP ratio (around 88% in 2024) is lower, the combined debt of local governments, corporations, and state banks creates a substantial financial burden, with projections showing continued growth."

Yep.And how is China using that debt?
Kicking world automakers in the teeth by taking over the world EV manufacturing capacity. They now make 40+% of EVs.
Competing in AI race using cheaper chips.
And exporting renewable energy.
https://www.economist.com/leaders/2025/11/06/china...
China is making more money from exporting green technology than America makes exporting fossil fuels.

The US has wasted trillions in attempting regime change throughout the world. And is currently wasting dollars in defense spending on crappy defense systems.
The US seems to be intent on losing the technological war to China which will lead to the loss of the economical war against China.
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Author: Goofyhoofy 🐝🐝 HONORARY
SHREWD
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Number: of 3853 
Subject: Re: Record debt threatens growth
Date: 01/27/26 12:54 PM
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More and more countries are being squeezed by demographics and slow growth. In Europe, Britain and Japan, aging populations have driven up the government’s health care and pension costs at the same time that the number of workers who provide the necessary tax revenue has shrunk.

Is that really true?

In 2000 the “under 60” population in the US was 246 million.
In 2020 the “under 60” population in the US was 275 million.

I’ll certainly concede that there are more boomers walking through the valley of death now than there were then, raising both health care and pension (SS mostly) costs, but there are also more people of working age, it appears.*

We have, of course, chopped taxes, chopped taxes, chopped taxes, all in the hope that it will rain happiness on our heads. Well, the economy is doing OK, and has been (mostly) for the past 20, 40, 60 years, so maybe it’s true. Or maybe we’ve just run up an enormous debt bill so Jeff Bezos can have a yacht that’s 10 feet longer than Larry Ellison’s. (For example.)

* Numbers found using AI, and approximation of 60 vs 62 used for age because who wants to dig that far or precisely into the census tomes? I’m not getting paid for this, you know.
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Author: lizgdal 🐝  😊 😞
Number: of 3853 
Subject: Re: Record debt threatens growth
Date: 01/27/26 3:08 PM
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U.S. working-age population (as a percentage of the entire population) hasn't changed much in the past 50 years:
65% peak in 2007
61% trough in 2024

As a percentage, under-24 is trending down, working-age is trending down, and over-65 is increasing. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?g=1QWOQ

The ratio of people ages 25 to 64 to people age 65 or older has been declining as people live longer and there are fewer births. This worker-to-retired ratio was about:
6.0 in 1955
4.2 in 1975
4.0 in 1995
3.8 in 2015
2.8 in 2025
projected 2.2 in 2055

The Demographic Outlook: 2025 to 2055, January 2025
Projected 2050 U.S. population growth is about zero.
"By 2033, annual deaths exceed annual births in CBO’s projections. After that, net immigration more than accounts for the projected population growth; without immigration, the U.S. population would shrink after 2033."
"The ratio of people ages 25 to 64 to people age 65 or older will be 2.8 to 1 in 2025, CBO projects. That ratio is projected to decline to 2.2 to 1 by 2055."
https://www.cbo.gov/publication/61164
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Author: PinotPete 🐝  😊 😞
Number: of 3853 
Subject: Re: Record debt threatens growth
Date: 01/27/26 6:16 PM
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The ratio of people ages 25 to 64 to people age 65 or older has been declining...

It would be interesting to see if the ratios changed a little if the age was adjusted from 25 to 64 to 25 to 68 (or even 70). I'm seeing an awful lot of people retiring later v. earlier in the past five years, which may be purely anecdotal. Still, it would be great to get an idea of what the true working age demographic is now v. 1975, 1995, and today.

Pete
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Author: Timer321   😊 😞
Number: of 3853 
Subject: Re: Record debt threatens growth
Date: 01/27/26 6:58 PM
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The Chinese are doing so profitlessly.
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Author: Steve203 🐝  😊 😞
Number: of 75959 
Subject: Re: Record debt threatens growth
Date: 01/27/26 10:02 PM
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Is that really true?

In 2000 the “under 60” population in the US was 246 million.
In 2020 the “under 60” population in the US was 275 million.


There are millions of young, strong, honest, hard working, people who would love to come to the US, if they were allowed. That would solve the "actuarial imbalance". But they aren't wanted here.

US net immigration last year was negative.

US saw negative net migration in 2025, first time in decades: Report

A "significant" drop-off in new entries into the country coupled with an increase in immigration enforcement activity leading to increased removals and voluntary departures contributed to the close to zero or negative net migration, according to a report released Jan. 13 from the Brookings Institution. Net migration for 2025 was estimated in the report to be between -10,000 and -295,000.


https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2026/01...

Steve


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